REVOKE
Removes access privileges.
Synopsis
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR]
{ {SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER | TRUNCATE }
[, ...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] }
ON { { [TABLE] [[[ONLY] <table_name> [, ...]] [, ...]] }
| ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( <column_name> [, ...] )
[, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( <column_name> [, ...] ) }
ON { [ [TABLE] [[[ONLY] <table_name> [, ...]] [, ...]] }
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE} [,...]
| ALL [PRIVILEGES] }
ON { SEQUENCE <sequence_name> [, ...]
| ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR]
{ {CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP} [, ...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] }
ON DATABASE <database_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON DOMAIN <domain_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER <fdw_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN SERVER <server_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] {EXECUTE | ALL [PRIVILEGES]}
ON { { FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | ROUTINE } <funcname> [( [[<argmode>] [<argname>] <argtype> [, ...]] )] [, ...]
| ALL { FUNCTIONS | PROCEDURES | ROUTINES } IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] {USAGE | ALL [PRIVILEGES]}
ON LANGUAGE <lang_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { {CREATE | USAGE} [, ...] | ALL [PRIVILEGES] }
ON SCHEMA <schema_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR] { CREATE | ALL [PRIVILEGES] }
ON TABLESPACE <tablespace_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON TYPE <type_name> [, ...]
FROM <role_specification> [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ADMIN OPTION FOR] <role_name> [, ...]
FROM [ GROUP ] <role_specification> [, ...]
[GRANTED BY <role_specification> ]
[CASCADE | RESTRICT]
-- where <role_specification> can be:
[ GROUP ] <role_name>
| PUBLIC
| CURRENT_USER
| SESSION_USER
Description
REVOKE command revokes previously granted privileges from one or more roles. The key word PUBLIC refers to the implicitly defined group of all roles.
See the description of the GRANT command for the meaning of the privilege types.
Note that any particular role will have the sum of privileges granted directly to it, privileges granted to any role it is presently a member of, and privileges granted to PUBLIC. Thus, for example, revoking SELECT privilege from PUBLIC does not necessarily mean that all roles have lost SELECT privilege on the object: those who have it granted directly or via another role will still have it. Similarly, revoking SELECT from a user might not prevent that user from using SELECT if PUBLIC or another membership role still has SELECT rights.
If GRANT OPTION FOR is specified, only the grant option for the privilege is revoked, not the privilege itself. Otherwise, both the privilege and the grant option are revoked.
If a role holds a privilege with grant option and has granted it to other roles then the privileges held by those other roles are called dependent privileges. If the privilege or the grant option held by the first role is being revoked and dependent privileges exist, those dependent privileges are also revoked if CASCADE is specified, else the revoke action will fail. This recursive revocation only affects privileges that were granted through a chain of roles that is traceable to the role that is the subject of this REVOKE command. Thus, the affected roles may effectively keep the privilege if it was also granted through other roles.
When you revoke privileges on a table, Cloudberry Database revokes the corresponding column privileges (if any) on each column of the table, as well. On the other hand, if a role has been granted privileges on a table, then revoking the same privileges from individual columns will have no effect.
By default, when you revoke privileges on a partitioned table, Cloudberry Database recurses the operation to its child tables. To direct Cloudberry Database to perform the REVOKE on the partitioned table only, specify the ONLY <table_name> clause.
When revoking membership in a role, GRANT OPTION is instead called ADMIN OPTION, but the behavior is similar. This form of the command also allows a GRANTED BY option, but that option is currently ignored (except for checking the existence of the named role). Note also that this form of the command does not allow the noise word GROUP in role_specification.
Parameters
See GRANT.
Notes
A user may revoke only those privileges directly granted by that user. If, for example, user A grants a privilege with grant option to user B, and user B has in turn granted it to user C, then user A cannot revoke the privilege directly from C. Instead, user A could revoke the grant option from user B and use the CASCADE option so that the privilege is in turn revoked from user C. For another example, if both A and B grant the same privilege to C, A can revoke their own grant but not B's grant, so C effectively still has the privilege.
When a non-owner of an object attempts to REVOKE privileges on the object, the command fails outright if the user has no privileges whatsoever on the object. As long as some privilege is available, the command proceeds, but it will revoke only those privileges for which the user has grant options. The REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES forms issue a warning message if no grant options are held, while the other forms issue a warning if grant options for any of the privileges specifically named in the command are not held. (In principle these statements apply to the object owner as well, but since Cloudberry Database always treats the owner as holding all grant options, the cases can never occur.)
If a superuser chooses to issue a GRANT or REVOKE command, Cloudberry Database performs the command as though it were issued by the owner of the affected object. Since all privileges ultimately come from the object owner (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options), it is possible for a superuser to revoke all privileges, but this might require use of CASCADE as stated above.
REVOKE may also be invoked by a role that is not the owner of the affected object, but is a member of the role that owns the object, or is a member of a role that holds privileges WITH GRANT OPTION on the object. In this case, Cloudberry Database performs the command as though it were issued by the containing role that actually owns the object or holds the privileges WITH GRANT OPTION. For example, if table t1 is owned by role g1, of which role u1 is a member, then u1 can revoke privileges on t1 that are recorded as being granted by g1. This includes grants made by u1 as well as by other members of role g1.
If the role that runs REVOKE holds privileges indirectly via more than one role membership path, it is unspecified which containing role will be used to perform the command. In such cases it is best practice to use SET ROLE to become the specific role as which you want to do the REVOKE. Failure to do so may lead to revoking privileges other than the ones you intended, or not revoking any privileges at all.
Use psql's \dp meta-command to obtain information about existing privileges for tables and columns. There are other \d meta-commands that you can use to display the privileges of non-table objects.
Examples
Revoke insert privilege for the public on table films:
REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;
Revoke all privileges from user manuel on view kinds. Note that this actually means revoke all privileges that the current role granted (if not a superuser).
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;
Revoke membership in role admins from user joe:
REVOKE admins FROM joe;
Compatibility
The compatibility notes of the GRANT command also apply to REVOKE.
Either RESTRICT or CASCADE is required according to the standard, but Cloudberry Database assumes RESTRICT by default.
